Psychological resilience plays an important role in recovery from concussion, and this relationship may be mediated by anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Helmet use in preventing acute concussive symptoms in recreational vehicle related head trauma
Marco Daverio, Franz E Babl, Ruth Barker, Dario Gregori, Liviana Da Dalt & Silvia Bressan
Pages 335-341, Brain Injury. Published online: 22 Jan 2018
https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2018.1426107
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Helmets use has proved effective in reducing head trauma (HT) severity in children riding non-motorised recreational vehicles. Scant data are available on their role in reducing concussive symptoms in children with HT while riding non-motorised recreational vehicles such as bicycles, push scooters and skateboards (BSS). We aimed to investigate whether helmet use is associated with a reduction in acute concussive symptoms in children with BSS-related-HT.
Methods: Prospective study of children <18 years who presented with a BSS related-HT between April 2011 and January 2014 at a tertiary Paediatric Emergency Department (ED).
Results: We included 190 patients. Median age 9.4 years (IQR 4.8–13.8). 66% were riding a bicycle, 23% a push scooter, and 11% a skateboard. 62% were wearing a helmet and 62% had at least one concussive symptom. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, gender, and type of vehicle showed that patients without a helmet presented more likely with headache (adjusted odds-ratio (aOR) 2.54, 95% CI 1.27–5.06), vomiting (aOR 2.16, 95% CI 1.00–4.66), abnormal behaviour (aOR 2.34, 95% CI 1.08–5.06), or the presence of at least one concussive symptom (aOR 2.39, 95% CI 1.20–4.80).
Conclusions: In children presenting to the ED following a wheeled BSS-related HT helmet use was associated with less acute concussive symptoms.
ABBREVIATIONS: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; APHIRST, Australasian Paediatric Head Injury Rules Study; BSS, bicycles, push scooters and skateboards; CI, confidence interval; CT, computed tomography; ED, emergency department; HT, head trauma; IQR, interquartile range; OR, odds ratio; RCH, Royal Children’s Hospital; RV, recreational vehicle.
Sport-related Concussion Clinical Profiles: Clinical Characteristics, Targeted Treatments, and Preliminary Evidence.
Kontos, Sufrinko, Sandel, Emami, Collins. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2019 Mar;18(3):82-92.
www.doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000573
Abstract
Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a heterogeneous injury that involves varied symptoms and impairment that presents a significant clinical challenge to sports medicine professionals.
In response to this challenge, clinical researchers have proposed clinical profiles or subtype models for assessing and treating athletes with SRC. One such model emphasizes five concussion clinical profiles including cognitive/fatigue, vestibular, ocular, migraine, and anxiety/mood. Sleep is a common modifier that co-occurs across these clinical profiles. A combination of medical history, risk factors, injury information, clinical characteristics, and assessment outcomes can inform each clinical profile.
Preliminary data involving 236 patients from a concussion specialty clinic indicate that the migraine (26%) and anxiety/mood (24%) profiles are the most common, with vestibular and ocular profiles combined representing more than one third (35%) of clinical profiles.
Findings also support several relationships among different clinical profiles including vestibular and migraine, suggesting that many athletes present with multiple clinical profiles. Targeted, active treatments for each profile are discussed.
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